Communication And The Digital Age - 1205 Words

Communication is an ever-present in the digital age. From searching the internet for fun, or for work, ads are seen, emails are sent and notifications are popping up on your smartphone and all this information is a part of the communication in the digital age (Jamar). Having good communication skills is essential as interaction with people, whether it is face to face, over the internet, or through the phone, is inevitable. However, evolving technology has resulted in a change in the way people communicate, especially in the field of politics. Thanks to technology information is now able to become widespread quickly. This high-speed information is changing the way in which political messages are conveyed. As technology has grown and developed the ability for information to spread and people to communicate has followed suite. While technology has been able to bridge the geographical gap between most people and allowed for cultures to mix, ultimately technology has resulted in a shortening of interpersonal communication. Face-to-face conversations are becoming fewer and shorter than they once have been. As a result of shortened conversations, misunderstandings are becoming more prevalent. Often the ideas of tone and context can be lost when communication goes digital. A line of text with no context can be taken out of context. Similarly, a mistakenly all caps line can convey a tone that may not have been intended. One aspect of communication that has been greatly affected byShow MoreRelatedInterpersonal Skills for the Digital World833 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Interpersonal Skills for the Digital World Elizabeth Johnson ATE 550 Interpersonal Skills in the Workplace Marshall University Instructor: Dr. Feon Smith Date: February 22, 2014 Interpersonal Skills for the Digital World Introduction It seems everyone you meet these days, from students in elementary school to their great-grandparents, has a cell phone. In addition, most people have other electronic devices as well, including tabletsRead MoreThe Digital Age Is Detrimental On Our Youth Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesThe Digital Age is Detrimental to Our Youth Today’s abundance of digital technology is corrupting our youth. Digital technology is preventing the full development of cognitive, social and communication skills in children and adolescents. Electronic devices are introduced to babies and toddlers. 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We will find new ways of expressing ourselves and people will accept what was once considered to be slang as modern English. Tweeting and texting provide a platform forRead MoreTechnology Has Made On Education987 Words   |  4 Pagesimpacted, is individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In the first decade of the new millennium, tech nology has proven to be a highly effective tool for in-creasing communication, in individuals with ASD. According to Finke, Hickerson, McLaugh-lin (2012) nearly 445,000 students, between the ages of 6 and 21 years old, diagnosed with au-tism are served in schools in the United States. Hall (2012) reported the contributions by re-nowned geneticist and autism pioneer, Michael WiglerRead MoreMedia Based Interaction Started Long Before The Internet1557 Words   |  7 Pagesidea of feedback (Wiener, 1948; Nordlund, 1978). As it relates to digital environments people have been more likely to seek feedback online compared to those engaged in person-to-person conversations (Ang Cummings, 1994). In addition, feedback is one method that community media outlets could use to provide cohesive representation of the community (Lowrey, Brozana, Mackay, 2008). Feedback loops represent the pattern of communication where journalists produced content and then a member of the publicRead MoreMass Com munication And Public Relations From A Young Age861 Words   |  4 PagesI have been captivated with media, mass communication and public relations from a young age. For even as a young teen I would share the daily newspaper with my parents and pester them with questions regarding the major stories I had just read. Moreover, I would assist my father in planning and organizing the family’s annual gatherings, and this task was no easy feat due to the typical high number of attendees to such gatherings and the logistic concerns related to accommodating to their needs and

50 First Dates †Movie Free Essays

50 First Dates The movie I’m writing my paper on is 50 First Dates. It’s about a guy named Henry trying to build a romantic relationship with a girl named Lucy. How they went through there ups and downs in forming that relationship. We will write a custom essay sample on 50 First Dates – Movie or any similar topic only for you Order Now Henry at first was in to short-term attractions to the tourist and very disclosed. He was afraid of commitment because of what he went through in college. He would jump from one sexual attraction to another not think anything of it. While Lucy who had a mental disorder called Goldfield Syndrome, which made her lose her short-term memory. Really had no chose on being in a relationship because she wouldn’t remember the person the next day. That would all change the moment Henry first saw her in a cafe. Henry at first was into hooking up with the tourist women knowing that they were leaving soon. He had a lot of short-term initials with those women. He would show them a good time while they were on vacation and then lie to them about who he was so they wouldn’t look for him. Henry didn’t really seem like he wanted to fall in love with anyone because of his girlfriend in college breaking his heart. He was very disclosed to these ladies not letting his feelings get out there. Lucy on the other hand had no relationships with any one because of the disorder. If she got to know someone one day she would forget him the very next day. A year before she was in a car accident which caused her to lose her short-term memory. She was living the same day for over a year with the help of her family lying to her about what day and year it was. So one day Henry went to eat breakfast at this local cafe when he laid his eyes on Lucy. He had a physical attraction to her the very first time he saw her. Lucy was sitting in a booth making a pancake house when Henry decided to walk over there and compliment her on the design. They hit it off very well at the beginning and started to talk while they ate breakfast. They had a lot of similarity from the†¦ How to cite 50 First Dates – Movie, Essay examples

Art and Mind Essay Example For Students

Art and Mind Essay The human mind is a very powerful tool and organ. There are however imperfections in the way it processes things. Illusions for example, are visual stimuli that trick the brain because the brain cannot process all visual images correctly. Why do we see puddles forming up the road while we are driving in our cars on a hot summer day? Why do some parts of a drawing look bigger when in fact they are smaller? There have been many artists that have used illusions in their paintings, M. C. Escher, Scott Kim, and Salvador Dali. Each artist employed a different illusionary style. We will write a custom essay on Art and Mind specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now In Dalis works of art, he often uses perceptual ambiguity and e often see hidden faces of himself or others that are painted into his paintings. To see these images, we must step away and look at certain objects from a different perspective. We must first comprehend why illusions happen to begin exploring perceptual ambiguity. To answer the first question proposed above, we must understand that heat makes light waves bend. So, the light streaming in from the sky doesnt travel in a straight line to your eye from up above, it comes to your eye from a different direction, in fact it looks like its coming from the pavement. So your brain doesnt quite know how to interpret it, it ees a patch of sky right in the middle of the road, and ends up thinking that its a puddle of water. This is also what happens in deserts, when the heat distorts light from the sky to make look like theres a lake in the middle of the sand. So why do we see illusions in works of art? Well, we know that the brain processes whatever it is fed. For example, if something is small, your brain thinks its far away. If something is your brain thinks its up close. There are other assumptions that your brain makes too, all based on the fact that it remembers what its seen before, and assumes that what it sees now will be similar. Of course, all things small are not far away and all things big are not close, so sometimes your brain makes an assumption and its wrong. Perceptual ambiguity or double imagery has been around for a long time. One of the earliest examples of this phenomenon is a picture of an old woman and a younger one where one can see one or the other depending on what features one focuss on first. Ones view of this image remains static until the viewer starts to pay attention to different regions and contours. Researchers have found that certain regions will favor one perception from the other. Once a certain feature is identified as one part f the face, the viewer can follow the lines that develop from that feature and fill in the rest of the picture, creating another different stable view. The human visual system tends to group like or related regions together, so we cannot see the two mixed views at one time. Researchers have also found that we do not need to shift our gaze for the image to reverse. The reversal may happen, but it usually happens at a slower rate. One test was done where the image was stabilized onto the retina, so any eye movements would have no effect perception wise during the subjects viewing. This indicated that higher cortical processing was ccurring during the viewing of the image, which in turn indicated that viewing anything is an active process. The human brain needs to process information in order to make sense out of it. Salvador Dali was a Surrealist that also used perspective ambiguity in his works. Dali was a Spaniard, born in 1904 in Figueres, Spain. .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f , .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f .postImageUrl , .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f , .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f:hover , .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f:visited , .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f:active { border:0!important; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f:active , .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u79d9ef5c5ad73119bbdc106e5b52e12f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Vegetarianism EssayAs he was growing up he attended the San Fernando Academy of Fine Arts in Madrid, and three years after his first one-man show in 1925, became internationally renowned. He was a big part of the Surrealist movement until war broke out and his apolitical attitude clashed with the Surrealists. He was ushed out of the Surrealist movement after a trial, but many still associated him with Surrealism, and showed his paintings at Surrealist exhibitions. After a couple of years, he moved onto a new style, where he was preoccupied with religion and science. Dali died from heart failure and respiratory complications in 1989. In 1962, Dali painted a painting titled Vision of Hell, which combined his Surrealistic style with his classical style. In this painting, the viewer can see three images of a face or person, which some say looks like Dali himself. The first image can be seen in the upper center part of the painting, ext to the divine figure of either Mary or Christ. The second can be seen in the lower left center part of the painting, forming from a puff of smoke. The last and most dominant face in the painting can be seen by focusing on the black drops just a little left of center. They can be viewed as tears falling from an eye, the black streak above the eye is the eyebrow of the right eye, and the nose is formed by the lower part of the torso under the bosom, with the pitchfork making up one nostril. It looks like the figure is frowning or just very upset, the other pitchforks underneath seem to be making up the mouth. In another work by Dali, The Slave Market with Disappearing Bust of Voltaire, one can make out the face of Voltaire, but if the viewer looks closer, the eyes could be substituted for heads, and the shadows under the cheek could be substituted for clothing nuns would wear. We can see from the Dali example, and also from the old woman/young woman example that the brain is imperfect in catching everything. The way we perceive artwork makes big differences. If our brain were perfect, we would be able to catch all hidden images, and even see both images at the same time, but because we have imperfect brains, we cannot see the other image unless our perception changes.

Richard III Essays - Richard III Of England, Shakespearean Histories

Richard III Was Richard III a monster or a victim of history? Richard the III was a horrible tyrant who would stop at nothing to commit the most unthinkable acts to get what he wanted. He was a man that would kill his own family and children to obtain his one goal, which was to become the king. I know what I should be easy on the guy he couldn't have been that bad of a guy. Well, you have to forgive me I was really unable to form an opinion of Richard. I saw Shakespeare's adaptation of his life and I was convinced that he was this terrible man. Then I read The Daughter of Time by Josephine Tey. She had a much different perspective on Richard, she explained that in a lot of ways Richard was a good guy. She explains that the events that took place such as the deaths of many of his relatives were just coincidences. In this paper I will explain how we can never trust history and I will use the comparison of these two adaptations of Richard the III. Was Richard the III a horrible man or just a victim of history? There are two sides to every story, on one hand he was a good king that was misunderstood for his methods of becoming a king. On the other he was a horrible tyrant who would do anything to get to the top. This is why we must be so careful about and can't take history for granted. We have two stories of Richard; one Shakespeare's adaptation of the story depicts him as a horrible bloodthirsty maniac. Next we have Josephine Tey's The Daughter of Time which has a much different account of Richards life. For instances, Shakespeare's rendition of Richard was one of a tyrant, an evil hunchback. He would step to any level to become king of England; he killed, lied and stole to reach his goal. On one occasion he killed his brother to seek the hand of his brother's wife. He then went one step further, when she didn't accept his loving hand in marriage he begged her to slay him with the very sword that cut through her beloved husba nds chest. After some dramatics she reluctantly accepted his hand, because she didn't want to kill him and she thought of this gesture as a testament of his love for her. Richard did a lot of other cruel things: along the way he killed his other brother's children to move up the chain of inheritance to secure his right as king. Richard was most hated by his people for killing a boy in the tower; his people saw this as a vicious act of a crazy murdering madman. In contrast, Tey's account of Richard was very different. Richard was described as a victim, turned in to a heathen by the throne. Furthermore, Richard only committed murder only when his personal life had been disrupted. He would kill only in fits of rage, for instance if his wife cheated on him he would kill her for unfaithfulness, or perhaps kill her partner whose action with his wife, had in some way ruined their relationship or the future of his children. Whatever murder he committed would be the result of acute emotion, it wasn't planned. So one could say that he didn't poses the ability to kill the boy in the tower. It would have been a silly murder that Richard had nothing to gain from, therefore Richard was incapable of this murder. I am convinced that Tey's account of Richard's personality is the correct one, because his ideas and theories are well thought out and logical, and he has evidence to back them up. First of all, up until his the moment of his brother's death he seems to have been admirable and devoted to his brother. Second, Richard was known as a very good administrator. He governed the North of England as well as it could be governed . And finally Richard wasn't a hunchback that was a myth, So was the "so called" withered arm. It seems as though, he had no visible deformity, or ones that mattered. So,

Commercialized media and cultural system on prevailing power structure

Commercialized media and cultural system on prevailing power structure Introduction The rise in the importance of independency in nations has resulted to enhanced political power within nations with political stability consequently influencing the economical realm. However, raging debates are rising across the globe with the public and other interested organizations calling for political revolutions and political reforms for the reason that politics have influenced delivery of information and communication by taking control of the media content within nations (Wallis, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Commercialized media and cultural system on prevailing power structure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite regular interventions by concerned organizations, nothing seems to change. Definitely, as politicians continue to influence activities undertaken by the commercialized media industry pertinent to political activities, the importance of media in delivery of information remain s questionable. For several decades now, Chinese politics have remained influential to media activities by possessing power over media coverage by ensuring supremacy above newspapers operational units and broadcasting centers, thus hiding important information from the public. For that reason, this essay seeks to explain why and how commercialized media and cultural system would reinforce the dominating and prevailing power structure. Overview of Chinese media and political issues Recent studies have established several challenges in the Chinese media including poor delivery of information and excessive control over media coverage by the government, thus presenting half-truths to public. This aspect has raised public concerns on the democracy held by the Chinese commercial media, with sources revealing that there are no sufficient conditions, which allow media to dominate the information systems. Globally, politicians have been an integral part in the formation of laws and policies governing activities undertaken by private entities including the commercialized media, which probably explains the reasons behind the increasing political ascendancy. In China, according to Wang (2003), modern advertising returned to the people of the republic of China in the year 1979, but little changes have taken place despite several regimes taking the national governance. There is also the eminence of political influence in the marketing of media with the government enforcing policies to overcome development of media and cultural sector. Why media and cultural system reinforce prevailing power Despite global efforts to establish legal frameworks governing the delivery of information and insisting on the importance of citizens’ right to information, China has lagged behind, as the Chinese media remains institutionally unstable.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Pickard (2007), the importance of the media society in China remains unknown with the public questioning the increasingly political supremacy on media activities. People approached the advent of modernized media technologies with hopes that it may create a significant change in the traditionally controlled and biased media commerce. However, as the political issues became increasingly important, attention in the media society shifted from public interest to personalized political jumbles that remain equally insignificant to the Chinese public. According to Pickard (2007), the media significantly devotes to the contingency of power politics that has hindered liberalization and democracy in China, leading to lack of public confidence in the media society. There are several reasons why media and cultural system reinforce prevailing power. Political pressure The Chinese political systems have consistently dominated all activities that enhance economical order in th e country. The rapid swelling of politics is constantly changing the tendencies found across commercialized businesses in China. Though not stated in the Chinese legal framework, it has become a socially and politically accepted norm that media is working under pressure from strong prevailing political power, thus covering maliciously fated deals (Pickard, 2007). This scenario was different in the past, as media seemed less concerned with individual political interests and continuously served people diligently. It is a common knowledge, although a secret poison to the populace, that the media systems are becoming more politically submissive thus unfortunately neglecting the social-economical challenges facing the Chinese citizens. All businesses inclusive of private and public sponsored organizations serve under the Chinese government something that clearly elucidates the reason behind media subservience to the existing power. Political regimes in China have been the same in terms o f behavior, thus possessing similar characterizes. National governance in any country or state of this century remains a pertinent and influential factor towards the development and peaceful co-existence. Embedded with the task of formulating laws and policies, which form the landscape to governance, politicians have emerged as the most influential bodies in the constitutionality of China. Research on communication behaviors in China speaks volumes on why commercial media and the cultural system remain obedient to the incumbent government. According to Wallis (2011), the government has continuously frustrated the achievement of equitable access to public information by supremely controlling all activities including quality, type, and quantity of media content pertinent to the prevailing political and economic issues experienced in China.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Commercialized media and cultural system on prevailing power structure specifically for y ou for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Several policies, acts, and laws have emerged to provide legal boundaries and jurisdiction over commercial media coverage in China throughout each successive regime principally to protect government interests in specific areas of public concern. This delegates local leaders to exercise supremacy over commercial media. Business interest Protecting business interest has normally been crucial to any organization, as collapse in any sector may lead to absolute failure. Current political power and the system of governance consequently determine the fate of any business entity operating in China. In a quest to provide the so-called conducive environment for growth and development of private organizations, the Chinese government has always ensured that it subjects private entities to abiding laws and enduring agreements coupled with making them subservient to the current leadership. Apparently, all organizations operating or collabor ating with the Chinese government have to remain considerably incisive not to kill the rapport between them and the authorities, which consequently may influence their business interests. Like any other organizations, numerous commercialized media businesses are private ownerships, and thus the laws and policies are not different to them. Sources reveal that any business operating contrary to the government’s will does not operate for long in China, and thus protecting one’s business interests is imperative for existence. Prevailing laws Despite raised concerns in the global importance of commercial media, laws have never stopped oppressing the efforts of media to provide comprehensive and important information to the public. Since media remains an important sector in shaping the cultural system, the quality of information given to the public influences perceptions against the government. Branaman (2009) posits, â€Å"The function of media performance has moved partia lly towards the ‘authoritarian’ model on one hand to support and advance the policies of the government in power† (p.122). The surged political pressure and laws governing the provision of information by the media have exacerbated the situation whereby the government plays a critical role in controlling media content delivered to public (Wang, 2003). Devoted to protecting public interests as instructed by the government coupled with the need to protect their business interests in China, several media companies have vowed to respect and protect laws governing the dissemination of media content to the public.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More How media and cultural system reinforce prevailing power Replete with law and rules abiding the dissemination of public information by media and control of activities in cultural systems by political power in China, there is always no option than to collaborate with the government. The media and cultural systems in China receive substantial support from the government media by upgrading and cultural construction and cultural reform systems. By seeking political favors from the commercial media and cultural systems, the government ensures capitalization of the cultural and media industry in the stock market activities, as well as cultivating state-dominated cultural practices in the essence of dominating the market. Zhao (2008) is worried due to this capitalization for â€Å"it affects class structure not only as an increasingly central vector of production and economic exchange, but also as the means of social organization and site of subjectivity formation† (p. 76). Seemingl y, provident and assured of enough security to execute their unlawful acts in the public limelight, the commercial media and cultural systems remain dedicated to providing political cover and neglect important public interests. Despite the fact that the central state increased its interactivity with media, more of it remains skewed towards market interests, but not public interests. Controlled information power The power in the delivery of information by commercial media in China publicly remains within the government jurisdiction. Having potentially significant power over all business corporations operating in China, the government holds the key to important information disseminated to the public failure to which the laws confine any information provided without their consent. The government ensures that it separates public interest oriented media from market-oriented media, thus leading to personal interests within and without the political economic plateau. The commercial media u nconvincingly publishes information regarding public interests to capture market orientation rather than covering actual public issues affecting the Chinese populace. Through the government jurisdiction, information published must acknowledge the government’s efforts positively despite how tiny the achievement seems. In pursuit of protecting their selfish gains, commercialized media players ensure that all terms governing their performance in the country, especially news and advertising sectors, have subdued published information accordingly. In the current government, all newspapers, news in the local play stations, and television networks always provide public information in favor of political influences. Dissemination of public information and production of information lies under powerful political scrutiny, which in most cases favors the government side and alienating the accrued importance of public oriented interests. This aspect forces the public to lose morale in any activity involving commercialized media and its fellow business associates. Over-privatization of Commercial media The importance of public media for public interest is diminishing with previous and prospective studies revealing that media is increasing becoming more of private interests than private concentration. Due to increased private interest in media activities and unfortunately the thinning aspect of public importance, the media has become a market phoenix that provides a conduce environment for private cultural institutions and few part-states stock investors who have consistently been involved in state political fracas (Branaman, 2009). Private investors in the commercial media industry and private cultural system receive substantial support from the prevailing government that substantiates their business activities ruining the public media plateau. Media players prove more significant and competitive in providing information favoring the political realm and providing cons iderable survival means for some politicians, and thus more privileges come in their favor. This aspect compels them to continue submitting to the current government at the expense of skewed information and communities systems that provide imperative public-oriented information. Dominating media activities All influential activities concerning the media including powerful advertising contracts from government endorsements normally fall under commercialized media and cultural systems serving under collaborative private-public system. By controlling commercialized media activities conducted by media and frustrating efforts by other democratic organizations to encompass strategies that enhance the media content provided, political monarchy continues to dominate the media industry. Packard (2007) affirms, â€Å"Markets are expected to govern all sectors of society, and government intervention not in line with commercial interests is viewed as inherently suspect† (p.121). The sove reignty of political power in media activities, including activities that trigger public attention including advertising and entertainment, allows the government to push the media society into working in their favor. Cultural systems fall into political traps by having government assurance of cultural construction and cultural system reforms assumed and promised by the government, hence continue providing significant political cover to protect the interest of a few individuals. Influenced Cultural System The political plateau continues to dominate commercial media and cultural system in the current government. The cultural system coupled with manipulated media remains truthful to politicians and powerful government something that best explains the reasons behind the collapse of Chinese culture. According to research, Soviet Socialism and the end of the Cold War politics provided an insight into the development of â€Å"transnational communication system structured along neoliberal lines† (Packard 2007, p.129). However, with the neoliberal structure in it, nothing seems to have changed much in the modern China. The existing government has been providing motivation strategies to only a few individuals within the public and private commercialized media and cultural systems to continue covering their political boundaries. This aspect remains a limiting factor that determines the public effort in deciding the leadership direction the Chinese government will take in near future. The dynamics of political relationship with commercialized media and cultural systems may remain under political governance in the future. Conclusion The current global and national media fraternities are facing several challenges with the political class manipulating activities undertaken by commercialized media and cultural systems. Capitalization of commercial media is the common term of getting rid of legal intended activities for public interest and reinforcing personal business interests in the media fraternity. Apparently, the Chinese government has been in the forefront in collaborating with privately commercialized media organizations to provide information pertaining government activities as they continuously become powerful over the media content released on press or television to the public. Wang (2003) postulates, â€Å"Advertising is shaped by its structural relationship with the media and corporate sectors, both of which are reined in by the socialist state† (p.1). Powerful media sections remain under the influence of politicians in China, who enforce laws that inhibit changes needed by the public and interventions made by different organizations in protecting human rights. In the light of the issues highlighted in this paper, it is apparent that commercialized media and cultural system can reinforce the dominating and prevailing power structure. References Branaman, J. (2009). A Political Economy of News Media in the People’s Republ ic of China. Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, 6(2), 119-143. Pickard, V. (2007). Neoliberal Visions and Revisions in Global Communications Policy from NWICO to WSIS. Journal of Communication Inquiry, 3(2), 118-139. Wallis, C. (2011). New Media Practices in China: Youth Patterns, Processes, and Politics. International Journal of Communication, 5, 406–436. Wang, J. (2003). Framing Chinese Advertising: Some Industry Perspectives on the Production of Culture. Journal of media and cultural studies, 17(6), 1-28. Zhao, Y. (2008). Communication in China: Political Economy, Power and Conflict  (State and Society in East Asia). Lanham, Maryland: Rowman Littlefield.

Article of Marketing Strategies of Bajaj Auto

It is required to provide protection for men, machines, materials, products or even the companyaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s secrets. It has to serve as a part of the production facilities and as a factor to maximize economy and efficiency in plant operations. It should be such, as would offer a pleasant and comfortable working environment and project the managementaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s image and prestige. Besides, it involves considerable investment of capital. In a way, a factory building is to a plant what skin and bones are to a living being, the structure and appearance heighten the functioning as a whole of the body corporate, or of a living body. It is for these reasons that the factory building acquires great importance. The management of an existing factory may, on certain occasions, feel the need for raising a building. This may be an improvement on, or an addition to, the existing building for purpose of expansion or growth, or a new structure necessitated by product diversification or market considerations. A factory building may be rented, if available in the place, when the management decides that way. But, generally speaking, no large factory, or even a medium-sized factory, is housed in a rented accommodation. The reasons are that, in the first place, ready made factory buildings are not available to suit particular needs, except for small plants. In the second place, a rented building does not indicate prosperity and progressaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ a fact which is important to a manufacturing concern in so far as its public image is concerned. Whether a building has to be constructed, or rented, or improved, or expanded, certain factors, which are of vital importance to every plant, should be borne in mind. These considerations relate to: 1. The design of the buildings. 2. The types of materials for construction; and 3. The types of buildings Every factory management enlists the services of architects, engineers and contractors to ensure that these considerations find their due place in the consideration of factory buildings. more at http://www. citeman. com/136-importance-of-factory-buildings-in-operations. html#ixzz2O9Gy3LP6 Article of Marketing Strategies of Bajaj Auto It is required to provide protection for men, machines, materials, products or even the companyaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s secrets. It has to serve as a part of the production facilities and as a factor to maximize economy and efficiency in plant operations. It should be such, as would offer a pleasant and comfortable working environment and project the managementaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s image and prestige. Besides, it involves considerable investment of capital. In a way, a factory building is to a plant what skin and bones are to a living being, the structure and appearance heighten the functioning as a whole of the body corporate, or of a living body. It is for these reasons that the factory building acquires great importance. The management of an existing factory may, on certain occasions, feel the need for raising a building. This may be an improvement on, or an addition to, the existing building for purpose of expansion or growth, or a new structure necessitated by product diversification or market considerations. A factory building may be rented, if available in the place, when the management decides that way. But, generally speaking, no large factory, or even a medium-sized factory, is housed in a rented accommodation. The reasons are that, in the first place, ready made factory buildings are not available to suit particular needs, except for small plants. In the second place, a rented building does not indicate prosperity and progressaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬ a fact which is important to a manufacturing concern in so far as its public image is concerned. Whether a building has to be constructed, or rented, or improved, or expanded, certain factors, which are of vital importance to every plant, should be borne in mind. These considerations relate to: 1. The design of the buildings. 2. The types of materials for construction; and 3. The types of buildings Every factory management enlists the services of architects, engineers and contractors to ensure that these considerations find their due place in the consideration of factory buildings. more at http://www. citeman. com/136-importance-of-factory-buildings-in-operations. html#ixzz2O9Gy3LP6

Strategic Analysis of Aston Martin Research Paper

Strategic Analysis of Aston Martin - Research Paper Example Considering this, our report will evaluate the future prospects for Aston Martin in seemingly difficult world economic conditions especially since the company has been facing takeovers a number of times in its history. Apart from these changes in consumers tastes and choices, At a global level, there has been a world wide recession whereby food inflation has increased by 14% in UK and prices generally have increased all over the world. The impact of these on automobile industry has been that US automobile industry has landed in financial trouble and is seeking the financial bail out promised by President Bush. The UK automobile industry is following the same track and the sales of cars started deteriorating in 2006 when UK was hit by a recession in the real estate sector. An article published in the Daily Telegraph describes the current situation as "The luxury car business is a ruinous place to be at present - which is unfortunate, given that these cars are a British specialty. Aston Martin, Bentley, Rolls-Royce and Jaguar Land Rover are all on short-time work, extending Christmas breaks and laying off staff. Last week, Aston Martin laid off 600 full- and part-time workers in Warwickshire"i Political: The car manufacturers of UK are currently meeting up ministers and seeking financial help in the down term times of the industry. According to Sunday Times, the Government was evaluating options to boost sales including loan guarantees for car firms, loans on easy terms, however, no firm measures have been taken as yet.iiConsidering this, the future of the automobile industry in UK depends to a large extent on short term financial help from the Government. Economic: The credit crunch has impacted the UK Automotive industry negatively and the automotive sector is facing smallest sales figures in 17 years an article in The Guardian has reported.iii Social: Due to the economic down turn, people in the luxury goods market are more concerned about the corporate social responsibility of the company or brands they like.iv Technological: Being the twelfth largest manufacturer of vehicles around the world, UK is known to be a design, process and technological innovation centre and due to this Ford and Nissan have also shifted their design studios to UK. However, will the R&D budgets remain the same or will they by slashed in view of the given economic downturn Environmental: The current trend is that consumers demand more fuel efficient vehicles both from a savings point of view as well as from a green living point of view. Considering this, the manufacturers have to make the difficult trade off choice between whether to have fuel efficient cars by compromising on horse power or have high house

I wrote into the assignment criteria box Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

I wrote into the assignment criteria box - Essay Example orm of foreign direct investment, the companies buy controlling stakes in domestic firms and then reenergize the whole structure of the firm to make it more profitable and competitive. Their strategy have been quite simple as even a layman would believe in putting money in those areas or economy where the market if not growing at some astronomical rate but at least have a positive growth despite sluggishness (Krugman, 1998). The merger movement around the world has caused massive effect with growing rate of cross-border mergers and acquisitions. Being termed as an important tool for investment from industrial nations to developing ones, these merger and acquisition are relatively small size in if compared with mergers as compared to those in advanced countries, it gives the receiving developed nation a much needed boost to the economies of their nations. The involvement of transnational companies in the domestic market also provides the developing nation an environment of technologic al and managerial efficiency. The major bane in the growth of developing nation has been the lack of modern approach in management practices and use of technology. The indigenous research of the government and other agencies has been either lagging behind or has failed to yield any result. The need of the hour for the government is to adopt newer policies and its approach to engage transnational companies in its territory would yield higher growth in GDP and per capita income. The capability of domestic companies also gets strengthen in a pro-growth environment. As a whole the government’s agenda of creating an era of growth and prosperity gets fulfilled in various phases. The purpose of government selling its controlling state in public sector units or state enterprises is for strengthening the support system of the nation. Support system in this scenario is actually the infrastructure that would provide the base to individuals, investors and other enterprises in delving the nation

The Effects of Global Climate Change on Clark County, Nevada Essay Example for Free

The Effects of Global Climate Change on Clark County, Nevada Essay Global climate change is a growing concern in areas all over the world, especially dry areas like Clark County, Nevada. Clark County is located in Southern Nevada; most people are aware of Clark County because of Las Vegas and the world famous strip of hotels and casinos on Las Vegas Boulevard. What people are not aware of is how rising sea levels can affect fabulous Las Vegas, and the detriment that is in store for Clark County if something big is not done to try and reverse the dangerous effects of global climate change. â€Å"Scientists have high confidence that global temperatures will continue to rise for decades to come, largely due to greenhouse gasses produced by human activities† (NASA, The Current and Future Consequences of Global Change, 2007). Because of rising global temperatures, people all over the planet are plagued by rising sea levels, melting Arctic sea ice, melting glaciers and permafrost, rising sea-surface temperatures, warming lake temperatures, heavier rainfall causing flooding, extreme drought increasing, withering crops, changing ecosystems, changes in the frequency and strength of hurricanes, human health being affected by warmer temperatures, and sea water becoming more acidic. So how does this affect Las Vegas and Clark County? First, Clark County is located in the Mojave Desert, and has a subtropical desert climate. Second, Lake Mead is located in Clark County and is a major source of water supply not only for Nevada, but also for Southern California and Arizona. Third, because of the changing global climate, Lake Mead is drying up. Water levels in Lake Mead have fallen over 100 feet since the year 2000. â€Å"Water levels are falling in America’s largest reservoir. If it dries up, so could power and water for much of the Southwest† (GOOD, Lake Mead is Drying Up, 2009). Currently, the Las Vegas Valley Water District has put watering restrictions in place and has raised the price that citizens of Clark County ay for water to try and fund research for water retention and future supply. Is this enough, though? In the summer months, temperatures exceed 100 degrees in Clark County, and the only relief from the heat is water. What can be done to help reverse or stop the effects of global climate change on Southern Nevada right now? There are a few simple things that citizens of Clark County can do to help stop the negative effects of global warming on their state. First, an act that would promote water conservation should become mandatory for all citizens of Nevada, not just Clark County. This water conservation act would require citizens of Nevada to not only limit their water consumption to a certain amount of gallons per year, but would require them to recycle their water using purification via a state issued water hepa-filtration system. This would require funding, so a water tax should be put in place specifically to pay for these water recycling devices. Once all Nevadans had a state issued water filtration device, they would be required to have five gallons of water per person in their homes at all times, and would be subject to inspection by a state official once a year to ensure they have their required amount. Any citizen not in possession of at least five gallons of fresh water would be subject to a fine for non-compliance by the state of Nevada, which would be used toward water conservation and research. Furthermore, the water conservation act should place limits on the amount of water a household uses per year, especially in the summer months. Just raising the cost of water is not sufficient, as it does not discourage people from using more water because they are not forced to use less. An acceptable, humane amount of water per person should be decided upon by the water conservation act, and if this amount is exceeded, the cost for additional gallons of water should be triple what is normally paid. This would be effective in discouraging people from using too much water and depleting the supply. It might sound harsh, but imagine that Lake Mead actually did dry up because of global warming. The effects of losing a major water supply to the Southwestern United States would be devastating, and would affect many more people than just those living in Clark County, Nevada. The question remains, how will Las Vegas ever become conservative with its water when it is the Entertainment Capital of the World? Yes, the citizens of Las Vegas can abide by the rules and regulations of the water district, and could even be held to the proposed water conservation act, but what about all the millions of tourists who come from all over the world and take from our water supply? Las Vegas needs to come together and soon, or it might end up being a dried up ghost town. Please see the topo map below, showing a close up visual of Las Vegas drying up.

Willy Lomans American Dream in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman :: Death of a Salesman

Willy Loman's American Dream  in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman    Short Essay One   Ã‚  Ã‚   Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman focuses on the American Dream, or at least Willie Loman’s version of it. *Willie is a salesman who is down on his luck. He "bought into" the belief in the American Dream, and much of the hardship in his life was a result. *Many people believe in the American Dream and its role in shaping people’s success. Willy could have been successful, but something went wrong. He raised his sons to believe in the American Dream, and neither of them turned out to be successful either. By the time Willy got to be an old man, his life was in shambles. *One son, Biff, was a hopeless dreamer who wasn’t able to hold on to a job. He could have been successful through an athletic scholarship, but he blew the chance he had to go to school. Happy, the other son, had a job, but was basically all talk, just like Willy. Now near the end of his career as a salesman, Willy realizes his whole life was just a joke, and the hopes he placed in the American Dream were misguided. At the end of the play, his only hope is to leave something for his family, especially for Biff, by taking his own life and leaving his family the insurance money. Through his death, Willy thinks he can achieve success and fulfill his dream. Arthur Miller provides us with a character who is both pathetic and tragic. Willy Loman spent his life chasing a false dream. His failure to live the "true" American Dream was what brought about his own downfall.** Short Essay Two In Miller’s Death of a Salesman, Willy Loman’s warped view of the American Dream caused tragedy in his family because he stressed the importance of popularity over hard work and risk-taking over perserverence. *Willy grew up believing that being "well-liked" was important to becoming a success. He believed that being well-liked could help you charm teachers and open doors in business. *He is proud that the neighborhood boys flock around Biff and respond to Biff’s athletic abilities, and in the same breath scoffs at the nerdy Bernard, who is too focused on school and his studies to be popular. Even though Biff turns out to be a failure as an adult, Willy holds on to the hopes that a business man who Biff met years ago will offer him a terrific job if Biff can be his old likeable self and recapture the confidence and grace he had as a teenager.

Literature Review Regarding Smoking Health And Social Care Essay

Harmonizing to Mackay and Eriksen ( 2002 ) , planetary ingestion of coffin nails has been lifting steadily since manufactured coffin nails were introduced at the beginning of the twentieth century. While ingestion is levelling off and even diminishing in some states, worldwide more people are smoking, and tobacco users are smoking more coffin nails. The Numberss of tobacco users will increase chiefly due to enlargement of the universe ‘s population. By 2030 there will be at least another 2 billion people in the universe. Even if prevalence rates fall, the absolute figure of tobacco users will increase. The expected go oning lessening in male smoke prevalence will be offset by the addition in female smoke rates, particularly in developing states. Harmonizing to Goddard ( 2008 ) , the prevalence of coffin nail smoke in Great Britain fell well in the 1970s and the early 1980s, from 45 % in 1974 to 35 % in 1982. The rate of diminution so slowed, with prevalence falling by merely about one per centum point every two old ages until 1994, after which it levelled out at approximately 27 % before restarting a slow diminution in the 2000s. The overall diminution in smoking prevalence since the mid 1970s has been due to a autumn in the proportions of both light tobacco users ( defined as fewer than 20 coffin nails per twenty-four hours ) and heavy tobacco users ( 20 coffin nails or more per twenty-four hours ) . The proportion of all grownups smoking on mean 20 or more coffin nails a twenty-four hours has fallen among work forces from 26 % in 1974 to 8 % in 2006 and from 13 % to 5 % of adult females over the same period. Meanwhile, smoking tendencies in Mexico shows a decrease during the last decennary of the twentieth century in smoke exposure, day-to-day smoking prevalence and smoke strength. This decrease has either been more intense or occurred entirely in work forces, depending on the analyzed index. Additionally, the most important decrease both in the prevalence of day-to-day active tobacco users and in smoking strength occurred in older age groups in both genders. Womans, for their portion, during the latter portion of the analyzed period present a reversal in the downward tendency in these smoke indexs, and in 2002, day-to-day female tobacco users smoked a greater sum of coffin nails than work forces. Nevertheless, work forces still present a worse smoke state of affairs than adult females in footings of both prevalence of day-to-day tobacco users and per centum of day-to-day tobacco users ( Franco-Marina, 2007 ) . Harmonizing to Shafey ( 2003 ) , the wellness load from smoking is non merely increasing, but it is besides switching to low-income and middle-income states ; whereas the prevalence of smoking continues to worsen in many Western markets, many Asiatic markets continue to turn ( as cited in Parkinson et al. , 2009 ) . This is true particularly when the ingestion of baccy has reached the proportions of a planetary epidemic. Tobacco companies are zigzaging out coffin nails at the rate of five and a half trillion a twelvemonth – about 1,000 coffin nails for every adult male, adult female, and kid on the planet. Asia, Australia and the Far East are by far the largest consumers ( 2,715 billion coffin nails ) , followed by the Americas ( 745 billion ) , Eastern Europe and Former Soviet Economies ( 631 billion ) and Western Europe ( 606 billion ) ( Mackay and Eriksen, 2002 ) . Harmonizing to National Health Morbidity Survey ( 1986 and 1996 ) , the happening of smoking between Malaysian grownups has enlarged from 39 % to 49 % ( as cited in Shahidan et al. , 2002 ) . National Health and Morbidity Survey ( 1996 ) besides states the prevalence of baccy usage is about 24.8 % : 49.2 % of work forces smoke, compared with merely 3.5 % of adult females ( as cited in Parkinson et al. , 2009 ) . Meanwhile harmonizing to statistic in PROSTAR ( 2007 ) , Malaysia had 3.6 million tobacco users in 2000 and this figure is expected to increase to 4.6 million by 2025 ( as cited in Kim et al. , 2009 ) . Although there are no precise national estimations of young person smoke in Malaysia, findings from several studies suggest youth smoke may be on the rise ( Parkinson et al. , 2009 ) . However, harmonizing to Thambypillai ( 1985 ) ; Shamsuddin & A ; Haris ( 2000 ) ; Naing et Al. ( 2004 ) and Ahmad et Al. ( 1997 ) , the tendencies in smoking among striplings have non changed mu ch. Studies conducted in assorted vicinities showed that the prevalence of smoke among male young persons were between 17-36 % and 1-5 % among females in the same group ( as cited in Lim et al. , 2006 ) . Surprisingly, about one billion work forces in the universe smoke – approximately 35 % of work forces in developed states and 50 % of work forces in developing states. Tendencies in both developed and developing states show that male smoke rates have now peaked and, easy but certainly, are worsening. However, this is an highly slow tendency over decennaries, and in the interim work forces are deceasing in their 1000000s from baccy. In general, the educated adult male is giving up the wont foremost, so that smoke is going a wont of poorer, less educated males ( Mackay and Eriksen, 2002 ) .2.1 Reasons for SmokingHarmonizing to Baker et Al. ( 2002 ) , most tobacco users offer similar grounds for their smoke. Typically, they report that smoke is an habit-forming wont that they enjoy and that relieves stress. Most tobacco users besides see it as loosen uping and utilize it as a header mechanism. The power of nicotine to both provide good feelings and extenuate bad feelings is richl y demonstrated. This is consistent with the research done by KaAYikci et Al. ( 2008 ) whereby people smoke to loosen up or alleviate their emphasis and to hold pleasance. Furthermore, British American Tobacco Malaysia ( 2010 ) states that the pharmacological consequence of nicotine – a mild stimulating consequence non unlike that of caffeine, and a mild loosen uping consequence – is an of import portion of the smoke experience. Baker et Al. ( 2002 ) besides stated that light tobacco users tend to smoke more for societal grounds while heavy tobacco users are more likely to describe that they smoke because of the habit-forming nature of baccy. Meanwhile harmonizing to Jarvis ( 2004 ) , experimenting with smoking normally occurs in the early teenage old ages and is driven preponderantly by psychosocial motivations. For people who merely started smoke, a coffin nail is a symbolic manner of stating that they are no longer their female parent ‘s kid and a manner of demoing that they are mature. Childs who are attracted to this adolescent averment of sensed maturity or defiance tend to come from backgrounds that favour smoke ( for illustration, with high degrees of smoke in parents, siblings, and equals ; comparatively deprived vicinities ; schools where smoke is common ) . They besides tend non to be wining harmonizing to their ain or society ‘s footings ( for illustration, they have low ego regard, have impaired psychological well-being, are fleshy, or are hapless winners at school ) . Harmonizing to Parkinson et Al. ( 2009 ) , males were more likely than females to believe that smoking makes immature work forces and immature adult females look more attractive and that smoke is a mark of being modern. However, males and females were merely every bit likely to believe that smoking helps command organic structure weight. This finding contradicts with Western surveies by Cavallo ( 2006 ) , which typically report that female young person worry more about their weight and are more likely to describe smoking to command their weight than are males ( as cited in Parkinson et al. , 2009 ) .2.2 Review of Related StudiesThe smoke rate for university pupils is lifting bit by bit in Turkey every bit good as the universe ( KaAYikci et al. , 2008 ) . A research by Cooper et Al. ( 2004 ) said that there is an addition for the rate of smoke in Turkey in which 64 % of the addition is among the work forces and 23 % of it is adult females. Abolfutuoh et Al. ( 1998 ) states 40 % of the pupils in Education Council are heavy tobacco users and merely 23 % of the Medicine Council pupils smoke. Meanwhile, Kader and Alsadi ( 2008 ) found that most of the pupils are light tobacco users ( 50.6 % ) . They besides said that pupils in the medical school tend to smoke less than their friends in other modules. Surprisingly, a survey by Kypri and Baxter ( 2004 ) said that the smoke form is higher among Maori adult females than work forces, in which the adult females tend to smoke daily. Sharker ( 2005 ) in his survey about cognition, attitude and pattern on smoke among pupils and staff in Universiti Putra Malaysia states that 13.7 % from respondents who smoke comes from pupils while 9.9 % was comes from the staff. He besides found that Indians and Malays were among the highest per centum due to cultural groups which comprises of 12.7 % and 11.6 % severally ; meanwhile Hindus and Muslim were among the highest per centum due to spiritual group which equal to 13 % and 11.9 % severally. Harmonizing to Azlan ( 2006 ) in his survey on smoke among secondary school pupils in Kuantan, the smoke per centum was 43 % ; with 63.5 % comes from males and 17.5 % comes female. This survey is rather similar to the survey done by Rapeah et Al. ( 2008 ) whereby about half of the respondents in her survey on factors act uponing smoke behaviors among male striplings in Kuantan were tobacco users ( 45.8 % ) and Malays were lend up to 53.1 % . A cross-sectional survey of 16-year old secondary school pupils in Kota Tinggi territory reported that 29.7 % from the respondents were found to be smoking and the highest per centum of male tobacco users comes from FELDA ( Federal Land Development Authority ) countries which comprises of more than 50 % ( Lim et al. , 2006 ) . Meanwhile, the survey done by Shahidan et Al. ( 2002 ) on smoking wonts among secondary school pupils in Kedah reported that the mean age for smoke and non-smoking groups were 16 old ages old the research has reveal that the age of onset smoke among respondents began every bit early as 13 old ages old. Harmonizing to KaAYikci et Al. ( 2008 ) , 40.2 % of the concluding class pupils at the AtatA ©rk University smoked. 56.5 % from that said that they smoke to let go of tense while 24.6 % fume for pleasance. Abolfutuoh et Al. ( 1998 ) states that wonder was the chief ground for induction of smoke among pupils in medical pupils at the University College of Medicine and pupils of the College of Education. There are findings found in a research by Kader and Alsadi ( 2008 ) that say the pupils smoke because it helps them to concentrate every bit good as quiet them down. They besides said that pupils smoke because they besides want to get by with emphasis and societal anxiousnesss. Kypri and Baxter ( 2004 ) besides stated that pupils smoke because it helps them to loosen up. Harmonizing to Shahidan et Al. ( 2002 ) , â€Å" matured, attractive and posh † are among the grounds pupils start smoking with per centum of 70.0 % , 62.2 % and 54.0 % severally. Meanwhile, Sharker ( 2005 ) found that the chief ground for the oncoming of smoke among pupils and staff in Universiti Putra Malaysia was â€Å" merely for merriment † and it was comprises of 54.2 % . In add-on, Azlan ( 2006 ) revealed that the chief ground for pupils to smoke is because of the influences of friends. Rapeah et Al. ( 2008 ) states that the most common ground given by the respondents for get downing smoke was â€Å" wanted to seek † ( 68.9 % ) followed by â€Å" equals influence † ( 56.1 % ) . However, about 70 % of the tobacco users did non hold that they smoked because they wanted to be voguish. There are besides findings found in a research by Khairani et Al. ( 2007 ) that say the most frequent grounds for originating smoke were wonder ( 69.3 % ) and peer force per unit area ( 51 % ) while emphasis ( 70 % ) was reported as the commonest ground for go oning smoke followed by dependence ( 49 % ) . KaAYikci et Al. ( 2008 ) stated that one of the factors that encourage the pupils to smoke is the parents of the pupils. Most of the pupils who smoke have male parents and brothers who smoke every bit good. Friends are besides one of the factors that lead to smoking wont among the pupils. These findings are rather similar with the survey by Shahidan et Al. ( 2002 ) which conducted in Kedah. Their research stated that influence of equals and household members who smoke played an of import function in act uponing pupils to smoke. Student whose household members are tobacco users are more than twice at higher hazard of smoking compared to those whose household members are non tobacco users meanwhile pupil whose equals smoke are about six times higher of smoke compared to those whose equals are non tobacco users. Lapp goes to the survey by Khairani et Al. ( 2007 ) , which found that there was a important association between adolescent smoke and smoke among household members. Sharker ( 2005 ) reported that the prevalence of smoke was associated with age, economic position, race, spiritual, household and equal groups smoking wonts. These findings are consistent with the survey done by Azlan ( 2006 ) on the prevalence of smoke among secondary school pupils and its associated factors in the territory of Kuantan. Meanwhile, harmonizing to Lim et Al. ( 2006 ) , holding many close friends who smoke, sibling who fumes and low academic accomplishment were positively associated with smoke. There are besides findings found that the type of category watercourse, equals ‘ smoke, and attitude towards smoking were significantly associated with the respondents smoking position ( Rapeah et al. , 2008 ) . Meanwhile wonder, desire to demo off and peer force per unit area are the chief factors that lead to the smoke wont of the pupils ( Abolfutuoh et al. , 1998 ) .

A & P: A Study of Society’s Norms

â€Å"I felt how hard the world was going to be for me hereafter,† Sammy mutters at the end of John Updike’s short story, â€Å"A & P.†On the surface, Sammy is talking about the problems he will experience after telling his boss that he has quitted his job, but he is really referring to the beginning of his responsibility to defend people being judged for their appearances, and to stand up to authority when the rules limit people’s freedom and creativity.   He understands the difficulty of the mission he has given himself.The episode that changes Sammy’s life happens one day in an A & P supermarket.   As a nineteen year old who mans one of the check-out registers at the supermarket, he observes three girls enter wearing only their bathing suits.This completely distracts him so that he cannot even remember if he has â€Å"rang up† the â€Å"Hiho crackers† (Updike) for one of the customers.   On the other hand, he can remember the details of the three girls’ appearances. He thinks less generously of the customer who bought the Hiho crackers, referring to her as someone who if â€Å"born at the right time they would have burned her over in Salem† (Updike).â€Å"You could see them, when Queenie's white shoulders dawned on them, kind of jerk, or hop, or hiccup, but their eyes snapped back to their own baskets and on they pushed. I bet you could set off dynamite in an A & P and the people would by and large keep reaching and checking oatmeal off their lists and muttering â€Å"Let me see, there was a third thing, began with A, asparagus, no, ah, yes, applesauce!† or whatever it is they do mutter. But there was no doubt, this jiggled them.A few house-slaves in pin curlers even looked around after pushing their carts past to make sure what they had seen was correct† (Updike).The above paragraph is the best portrayal of the girls’ effect on the supermarket’s patrons.   â⠂¬Å"Queenie,† as Sammy calls the prettiest of the three girls, has the most effect.   Comparing the arrival of the girls to an explosion signifies the impact, and also the rarity of girls, or anyone for that matter, ever coming into the supermarket in their swimsuits.   Most people follow the dress code implemented in the supermarket, or any other public place besides the beach.   The short story of one seemingly mundane occurrence at a supermarket speaks volumes about judging appearances.The girls are in the supermarket to buy â€Å"a jar of herring snacks† for â€Å"Queenie’s† mother and not to make any trouble, but the fact that they are wearing swimsuits have earned them a reprimand from the manager, Lengel.   Lengel who also â€Å"teaches Sunday school† and is â€Å"pretty dreary† according to Sammy, represents the people in society who make and follow rules and expect others to do the same.   He rigidly implements the rules in the A & P he is managing to the point that after reprimanding the girls, he reminds Sammy about ringing up the girls’ purchase.   Every rule must be followed to the letter for people like Lengel (Updike).However, even before Lengel’s appearance in the short story, Sammy already observes the glances that the sheep, which is his term for the customers, give the girls.   The girls being in their swimwear has given the customers quite a shock.   Even Sammy and his married co-worker, Stokesie, have become very engrossed in watching the girls.   They may not condemn the girls like Lengel and the customers but their reaction also limits the free spirited choice of the girls to wear bathing suits to the supermarket.   Their behavior suggests that the act is clearly something that is out of the norm.Defending the girls has made Sammy a hero, but he must make it a crusade to continue the difficult task of making the more conservative people of society understand the v alue of â€Å"live and let live.†Ã‚   Being sidetracked from such a mission and bowing down to rules that he does not believe in will reduce his defense of the girls as an act of a boy with a crush and not an act of pure honor.Works CitedUpdike, John. â€Å"A & P.† 8 November 2007 .   

American Express Company Analysis

American Express Company Analysis Introduction American Express Company (AmEX) is an American multinational company that offers financial services. The company headquarters are located at the Three World Financial Center in New York. The company was founded in 1850 with the company’s logo being adopted in 1958 and it has an image of a roman gladiator.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on American Express Company Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The logo is engraved on the company’s traveler’s cheques and charge cards. AmEx forms part of the Dow Jones industrial average that is made up of 30 components. It is renowned for its credit card, charge card, and travelers cheque businesses (Grossman, 1987). The cards offered by the company make up about 24% of the dollar transactions conducted via credit cards in the United States. The company has a rich history that has made it to be ranked as the 22nd most valuable brand i n the world. The brand has an estimated worth of approximately US $14.97 billion (Grossman, 1987). The company was founded as an express mail firm in Buffalo, New York as it was a merger between Henry Wells and William Fargo. The two owned Wells Company and Livingston, Fargo and Company respectively. Another party was John Warren Butterfield who previously owned Butterfield and Company. According to Grossman (1987), the first headquarter of the company was located in a building at the intersection of Jay Street and Hudson Street. Due to less competition, the company established itself as a monopoly in the market of express shipments. At that time, the company traded in goods, securities and currency in New York only. AmEx moved its headquarters in 1874 to 65 Broadway that was considered as a New York’s financial hub. The move was also facilitated by increase in operations that brought more funds to the company (Grossman, 1987).Advertising Looking for research paper o n business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Grossman (1987), the company experienced tremendous growth in 1890 and 1891, which forced the company to construct a ten-storey building at the side of the previous headquarters near Hudson River. The company continued to grow and in the year 1903, it had managed to consolidate assets of approximately $ 28 million. This was one position behind the National City Bank of New York i.e. in financial services providers (Grossman, 1987). AmEx purchased Broadway buildings to acknowledge the new status. The proposed building of a new headquarters’ building followed this but the plan was shelved for some time. Products and Customers American Express is renowned for its three main cards named; Green, Gold and Platinum charge cards. Other types also exist in other countries. Co-branded cards are also available which serve airlines, hotels and normal retailers. F or the airlines, the cards include; Aerolineas Argentinas, Air Canada, British Airways, Delta Airlines and Virgin Atlantic (Grossman). In the hotel industry, the clients include; Hilton hotels, and Starwood Hotels Resorts. They are also applied to hotels worldwide. The other clients include Costco, Bloomingdales, and Lowe’s, among others. The company also has a product for young people referred to as Blue and Bluebird in conjunction with Wal-Mart. Employees American Express has over 2000 as per the year 2010. The turnover rate was approximated at 7%, which is a low average. Approximately 9% of part time employers and 16% of full time employees are said to have been there for over 20 years. This led to the company being ranked as one of the best places to work at by the CNN.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on American Express Company Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Data Management Human Relati ons Any data that is held in the human relations database is private data that should be treated under Data Protection Act (1998) and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (1996). The two Acts protect the privacy of people from the age of 12 to 18 years. Parents working for the company may give out their children’s information to the human relations for purposes of insurance. The information should therefore not be accessed by anyone outside the system except as required by the law (Williams 2007). The data kept in the system may include; the staffs marital status, number of children, health status of the staff and children, previous working records and current working terms. Stakeholders Access Unauthorized access to such data should be prohibited and adequate measures should be taken including use of strong passwords. However, some stakeholders may have unauthorized access to the information such as the company executives, managers and the staff to access their own profiles remotely via log in windows. However, they should not reveal the data to any other party not authorized to access the information. Logistics and Customer Relationship Enterprise System Data contained in the logistics system and customer relationship system is critical. Such data may include; state of running balances in the case of suppliers and debtors, location of the customers or suppliers, services delivered to the customers with the amounts paid, services or cards delivered by suppliers and the amounts paid, and complaints arising from all parties.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (2002) should regulate the financial information. That means that financial information contained in the databases of the two departments should be accurate and should be updated regularly to reflect the current financial position (Rezaee, 2012). Stakeholders Access The Act also allows access of the data by external auditors in addition to the legitimate persons with access. The auditor should have access to the data every time he is conducting an audit. The people with access to such data include; the company executives, management, and the suppliers and debtors should also be allowed to access individual information remotely through log in windows. Financial Enterprise System The financial department is the stronghold of any business. For a large company such as American Express, the data contained in the database should be strictly regulated and protected (Giachetti, 2007). The data to be kept include; the current financial status of the c ompany i.e. the position of assets and liabilities, capital balances, daily transactions recorded separately, money held by the companies on behalf of other parties, status of running balances, and other sensitive financial matters. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act (2002) should regulate the data contained in this section. The data should always be accurate and the system should allow real time updating of data i.e. if a debtor pays a debt; this transaction affects the value in the debtors account and the overall assets, therefore every figure in the affected columns should change upon payment. Stakeholders Access The controls in the system should contain controls that allow access by the auditor as required by the law. The other parties with access include; the company executives, the management and data entry officers. The executives and the management access the information for decision-making and financial planning (Giachetti, 2007). Operational, Business analytics and Intelligence At the operational, business analytics and intelligence, the data stored there should also be well guarded due to the sensitivity involved. The controls should comply with provisions of the HIPAA, FERPA and Sarbanes-Oxley. These departments hold wide range of data from financial to details about customers, employees and suppliers. The data held by these departments is vital for daily operations and also for determining how the company will react to changes in the environment. Stakeholders Access The access to the data should be granted to the company executives and the management only. These people will need this information for decision-making. Unauthorized access may expose the company’s vulnerabilities to competitors. References Carol, H. Hannum, W. (1989). Instructional Systems Development in Large Organizations. New Jersey, NJ: Educational Technology Publications Inc. Giachetti, R. (2007). Design of Enterprise Systems: Theory, Architecture, and Methods. New York, NY: CRC Pres s. Grossman, P. (1987). American Express: The People Who Built the Great Financial Empire. Washington DC: Beard Books. Rezaee, Z. (2012). Corporate Governance Post Sarbanes-Oxley: Regulations, Requirements and Integrated Process. New Jersey, NJ: Wiley Sons. Williams, C. (2007). FERPA, GLBA HIPAA: The Alphabet Soup of Privacy. New York, NY: National Association of College and University Attorneys.

Discussion Week 5 Question 1 Stock Options Chapter 8 Assignment

Discussion Week 5 Question 1 Stock Options Chapter 8 - Assignment Example Using Wal-Mart Company as an example, the company usually gives options to its employees. Each option covers a maximum of ten years from the time when it is granted. For those who at the time the option is granted own stock which represent 10% of the voting power in stock at the company, the term will not exceed five years. An employee can exercise an option when he gives notice to Wal-Mart and the company receives full payment for the option. An employee can exercise their option when their term ends as long as the option does not have restrictions. This can be done within sixty days. Options are transferable and are disposable to an immediate family; this is a â€Å"Permitted Transfer†. An option cannot is not transferable to another person other than through the â€Å"Permitted Transfer† or by the laws of distribution. The best way that the company can leverage stock options so as to offset employee compensation is by allowing employees to sell, transfer and dispose stock in the open market. This is because many employees see options as being part of their compensation and usually want to exercise them so as to get money. Restricting this to just family members is likely to make the options unattractive to employees. Employees should also be free to exercise the options at any time without following the process of notifying the company. This is because as they are in the process of notifying the company, they may miss out on making profits the moment that the stock prices go up in the stock

Fiber Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fiber - Essay Example However, with advances in the scientific field the various health benefits of fiber were identified. Hence regular consumption of generous amounts of dietary fiber in the diet has been proven to reduce the risk for developing several diseases such as coronary heart disease, diabetes, obesity, blood pressure, gall stones, diseases of the colon and it has also been found to boost the immune system (Dietary fiber, 1996; Anderson et al, n.d). Research studies have revealed that people consume less than the recommended levels of dietary fiber. The amount of dietary fiber intake depends on the age, gender and total calorie intake (Anderson et al, n.d). The major advantage provided by dietary fiber is the presence of a mixture of bio-molecules along with the fiber which may include vitamins, minerals or phytochemicals which actually contribute to protection against diseases (Dietary fiber, 1996). The occurrence of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, stroke and hypertension which affects a majority of the population worldwide can be effectively reduced by consumption of sufficient amounts of dietary fiber. Fiber reduces the risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases such as diabetes, obesity and dyslipidemia. Many studies beginning from 1982 have proven the effect of dietary fiber intake, especially the whole grains, on the risk of cardiovascular disease (Dietary fiber, 1996; Anderson et al, n.d ; Rosamond, 2002). While the exact mechanism by which dietary fiber reduces the risk of heart diseases is not known, it is however, found to effect serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels by binding to bile acids in the small intestine and thus increasing their elimination from the body via feces (Dietary fiber, 1996; Anderson et al, n.d). In addition, dietary fiber also has an advantage of low-cost can be beneficial to all classes of

Service product analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Service product analysis - Essay Example Rebak Island Resort, a five star category hotel in Rebak Islands also presents to the visitors a natural viewing treat in terms of creating an underwater aquarium in addition to the room and dining facilities. The paper focuses to evaluate the services provided by the Resort through analysing based on the Seven Ps of Services Marketing. Finally after conducting the needed evaluation the paper concludes through rendering useful recommendations for the Rebak Island Resort to help gain a larger potential in the realm of their hospitalisation activities rendered to the visitors and tourists visiting the island from different corners of the world. Rebak Island Resort-A Taj Resort The Taj Group is the constituent or collective name for the large group of hotels, resorts, spas and other hospitality units of The Indian Hotels Company Limited. Further the Taj Group that holds to be one of the largest and most popular hotel companies in the Asian market in terms of service standards, aesthetic s and other parameters stands out to be the glowing symbol of Indian hospitality. Taj Group internationalises through the opening of 16 hotels in several international locations like Maldives, Malaysia, in other developed countries like United Kingdom and United States and similarly along emerging economies like Africa, the regions of Middle East and Sri Lanka (Taj Group, 2012). In the context of the project the company chosen is Rebak Island Resort situated in Langkawi, Malaysia. This hotel company is the international wing of Taj Group in the Malaysian region. Rebak Island Resort got its name from the native Rebak Tree found in the Rebak Islands. The Rebak Islands is one of the 99 islands that constitute the Langkawi region. The region holds a pristine glory in terms of the natural exhibits found pertaining to forests, mountains and a large number of beaches. The Rebak Island Resort can be reached by the visitors by taking a five minute ride from Langkawi Airport to Langkasuka Por t and subsequently taking a fifteen minutes ride on a boat to the Resort. A host of facilities and services await the visitors at Rebak Island Resort that promises to serve the best based on standards set by the Taj Group (Rebak Island Resort, n.d.). The report tends to conduct a total analysis of the Taj Group based on the Seven Ps of Services Marketing concept. Based on the analysis conducted it would focus on rendering needful recommendations related mainly along Four Ps including the Physical Environment of the Services Group. These set of recommendations would be furnished to contribute to the development of the services standard of the company. Background of the Service Location of Rebak Island Resort Rebak Island Resort is located in Rebak Island a member of the large number of Islands forming the Langkawi region in Malaysia. The Resort is located at a distance of 4 Kilometres from the Langkawi Island while it can be reached by taking a boat ride of around 15 minutes from the Langkasuka Port. Span and Size of Rebak Island R

Policy Change Proposal Section II Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Policy Change Proposal Section II - Assignment Example on would necessitate all health care organizations to have well established internal governing body that directly consult periodically with individuals concerned with organization of hospital medical staff. A requirement for a medical practitioner to be part of hospital’s governing body should be removed to avoid conflict of interests as it may hamper quality service delivery (Tavenner & Sebelius, 2013). There is no provision for establishment of Medicare inpatient rehabilitation facility and an effective long-term acute care quality reporting by either health practitioners or health care organizations. We propose that a secretary in the Ministry of Health and Medical Services would be required to establish an effective quality programs that would facilitate establishment of inpatient rehabilitation and group of providers that would cater for the need of individuals who require long term care in the hospital. Under this policy, all health care providers would be required to identify measures for this provision by 2013 and implement the identified quality measure reporting programs by 2014. These measures would lead to realization of efficient care and all dimensions of quality that are feasible and practicable (Tavenner & Sebelius, 2013). Some regulations passed by Center of Medical Services (CMS) subject hospices to financial and ethical problems. For instance, the current law requires hospices to be well equipped to resuscitate all patients that do not have a signed do-not-resuscitate order. The proposed policy change would ensure that hospice patient would access improved care and financial viability. The eligibility requirements would be re-evaluated to ensure that the policy is no longer a barrier to access. This would ensure that hospice patients access proper health care as they expect (Petersen, 2002). A number of policies and rules in the proposed policy change are aimed at helping hospitals and health care providers to better coordinate care

Jesus Christ As The Redeemer And Savior Religion Essay

Jesus Christ As The Redeemer And Savior Religion Essay I believe the doctrine of Salvation focuses on Jesus Christ as the redeemer and savior of the world. God sent Gods Son into the world to seek and save that which was lost (Luke19:10).Scripture is filled with accounts of the revelation of God breaking into human life as a surprising gift and unsettling commission. The word revelation is used in different contexts, some are trivial and others are serious. Revelation has to do with the knowledge of God and ourselves that is surprising and disturbing because it is an event that shakes us to the core. Jesus came to earth fully God and fully human to offer himself as the ultimate sacrifice for our sin rejoining us to God who created us. The New Testament scriptures declare Jesus came as God (John 1:1; Hebrews 1:8) and man. Jesus is Lord, but Jesus lived among us as man that we might know that God is tangibly concerned about the totality of our deprived [or depraved?]human existence. Through faith in Jesus Christ humanity now enters into the same relationship with God that Jesus enjoyed prior to, during and after his earthly ministry. As the second person in the Godhead, Jesus Christ offers humanity hope for a restored existence on earth as well as hope for life and death. Jesus death and resurrection represents for all Christians the perfect hope that we are created by an all-loving God who does not desire to destroy creation, but sustain it eternally. We no longer need to fear an eternal death or separation from God. For God so loved the world that God gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life (John 3:16). His name shall be called Jesus for He shall save his people. Salvation is the greatest manifestation of Gods power. Creation was a great work of God; it was His breath, God spoke and it was done. But, when it came to our salvation He had to give more than His breath; He gave His blood (Acts 20:28). I believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God and the only way to God, and that Jesus died on the cross for my sins and rose from the dead for my justification. I believe salvation is an individual act; we accept Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior, we believe in our heart and confess our sins. I believe that true salvation simultaneously includes justification, regeneration, and sanctification. I believe that regeneration is a supernatural work of the Holy Spirit, which is beyond human comprehension (John 3:1-5), where humankinds old physical nature is born a new spiritual nature for the sake of having the potential to enter into the kingdom of God (John 3:3-7; Titus 3:5). I believe in the work of regeneration, the Holy Spirit is the initiating force for change and life for the believer. It is the spirit that quickens, the flesh profits nothing, the words that I speak unto you, they are spirit, and they are life. (John 6:63) He saved us by the washing of regeneration and renewing of the Holy Spirit. (Titus 3:5) I believe that the true outcome or sign of regeneration is manifested in righteous attitude, conduct, and good works,(1 Corinthians 6:19-20; Ephesians 5:17-21; Philippians 2:12; Colossians 3:16-17; 2 Peter 1:4-10). The work of regeneration is spiritual conversion accomplished without delay, and it is accomplished through the power of the Holy Spirit, which is prompted through an individuals response by faith to the Word of God or the voice of the Son of God (John 5:24-25). The manifestation of evidence can be accomplished by or while the believer transitions from the initial conversion experience, to becoming more like the image of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ (2 Corinthians 3:18). As soon as we are regenerated the Holy Spirit gives us a changed mind and attitude, a new heart, as well as new spirit. Thus, we are no longer slaves to ungodliness and worldly lust, but we live soberly, walking in the light and in the spirit so that we do not fulfill the lusts of the flesh or the old nature. I believe justification is to be distinguished from regeneration in that while regeneration is the change of the sinners nature by the Holy Spirit, justification is the change of the sinners standing by a declarative act of God in which sins are remitted and the sinner is freed from condemnation. Justification is the expression of Gods judicial function. Justification proceeds on the imputing or crediting to the believer by God himself of the perfect righteousness, active and passive, of his representation and surety, Jesus Christ. For it is with your heart that you believe and are justified, and it is with your mouth that you confess and are saved. (Romans 10:10) Justification is not forgiveness of a man without righteousness, but a declaration that he possesses a righteousness which perfectly and forever satisfies the law, namely, Christ righteousness (2 Corinthians 5:21;Romans 4:6-8). Sanctification is the believers spiritual experience, beginning with the renewed birth that occurs at the believers conversion experience, which is sometimes called being born-again. It is during this new birth experience that the instantaneous act of sanctification begins its work. Jesus Christ, even though he was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin (Hebrew 4:15), which makes Jesus the perfect example of someone being able to live free from all moral impurity within the presence of temptation and worldly evil. And Jesus prayed, And for their sakes I sanctify myself, that they also might be sanctified through the truth (John 17:19). I believe that election is the act of God by which, before the foundation of the world, God chose salvation (offered freely), to those who would believe on his name, whom God graciously regenerates, saves, and sanctifies, justifies and glorifies, (Romans 8:28-30; 2 Thessalonians 2:13; 2 Timothy 2:10; 1 Peter 1:1-2). The purpose of Gods grace includes the means of receiving the gift of salvation (John 1:16) and the gift itself, which is the only begotten son of the Father full of grace and truth (John 1:14). I believe that election has a two-fold call, meaning all whom God calls to Godself will respond by faith, and all who come in faith as a response to the whosoever will invitation God will also gladly receive (John 6:37-40, 44; John 1:12; Acts 13:48: James 4:8). The grace of God is considered to be a great doctrinal truth, because according to Ephesians 1:4 it has been Gods plan for man before the creation of this world and it is also considered to be the core of our relationship with God. I believe our election is through His Grace. Election according to the foreknowledge of God, through sanctification of the Spirit, unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ: grace unto you, and peace, be multiplied. (1 Peter 1:2) I believe election is Gods gracious purpose for humankind to obtain eternal life. His purpose also includes His good pleasure for the elect to experience regeneration, justification, sanctification, and glorification. It is the glorious demonstration of Gods sovereign goodness, which leaves man no room to boast, but should embrace humility. I believe our salvation is through Gods grace, because of Gods great love for us, he shows mercy by forgiving our transgressions and sins. Instead of the death that we should rightly receive as a reward for our sins we are made alive with Christ. Only Christ can deliver us the penalty of death and restore us to Divine favor and give everlasting life (John 3:16-19; I John 5:10-12).

Women and Politics In Africa :: essays research papers

There was a young woman who left her home in Mycrorayan in Kabul, Afghanistan for Peshawar after the January 1994 fighting and told Amnesty International of the following situation. "One day when my father was walking past a building complex he heard screams of women coming from an apartment block which had just been captured by forces of General Dostum. He was told by the people that Dostum's guards had entered the block and were looting the property and raping the women." The following story comes out of Iran. "On August 10, 1994, in the city of Arak, Iran, a woman was sentenced to death by stoning. According to the ruling of the religious judge, her husband and two children were forced to attend the execution. The woman urged her husband to take the children away, but to no avail. A truck full of stones was brought in to be used during the stoning. In the middle of the stoning, although her eyes had been gouged out, the victim was able to escape from the ditch and started running away, but the regime's guards recaptured her and shot her to death." From China comes the following observation. "Still in the streets an occasional old crone hobbling around on her miniature bound feet was a relic of the pre- Revolutionary, almost dead past. I also heard an echo of that past in a silk thread factory in Wuxi, China. A woman member of its Revolutionary Committee was introduced to me as a ‘veteran worker’. The description astonished me because she looked so young. On inquiry I learned that she was indeed only 34 years old, but that she had toiled in the mill for twenty-six years, having begun this job as an 8- year old child.† These three incidents reflect typical crimes and injustices against women in the Third World countries. Crimes against women include abuse, slavery, false imprisonment, murder and rape. In these countries, women are considered to be inferior to men and are not granted equal rights or protection under the laws. The governments, religions and cultures of these countries support the inequalities, thus allowing vicious crimes against women to continue without any recourse by the victims. The phrase â€Å"women's rights† refers to the basic human rights that are withheld from women simply because they are women. Women’s rights promote political, social and economic equality for women in a society that traditionally confers more status and freedom to men. A basic right is for girls to grow up to be women: today twelve percent of the females born worldwide are missing, many of them